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Cholesterol: A conditionally essential nutritient in critically ill patients?


Cholesterol has such a low reputation in modern medicine that it is frequently overlooked what a broad spectrum of important physiologic functions it has to fulfil. Usually, cholesterol is discussed in the context of hypercholesterolemia as a risk factor for vascular disease, hypocholesterolemia rarely is an issue. However, hypocholesterolemia in various acute and chronic disease states might be associated with several untoward side effects and actually, under certain circumstances cholesterol might become a conditionally essential nutrient (Druml W; Wien klin Wochenschr 2003; 115:740).

Physiologic functions of cholesterol

Cholesterol plays a crucial role in membrane composition. Cholesterol and phospholipids are the principal constituents of biological membranes. Membrane composition in turn affects many membrane functions, including transport processes, receptor binding, signal transduction, enzymatic activity and protein phosphorylation. Moreover, cholesterol essentially is involved in cell division and reparation processes. Cholesterol actually has such important functions in intracellular metabolism and many cells cover cholesterol re­quirements by local intracellular production.

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Tags: nutrition-news ernährung intensivmedizin cholesterin 

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